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Business Laws & Business Correspondence and Reporting

  4. Business Laws & Business Correspondence and Reporting

Business Laws & Business Correspondence and Reporting - CA Foundation

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Business Laws & Business Correspondence and Reporting – CA Foundation


This subject in the CA Foundation exam is divided into two parts:

  1. Business Laws (60 Marks)

  2. Business Correspondence and Reporting (40 Marks)

1. Business Laws (60 Marks)

This section aims to develop an understanding of basic laws applicable to business and commercial transactions.

Syllabus for Business Laws:

A. The Indian Contract Act, 1872
  • General Principles of the Law of Contracts
  • Essentials of a valid contract
  • Performance and breach of contract
  • Void, voidable, and contingent contracts
B. The Sale of Goods Act, 1930
  • Formation of a contract of sale
  • Conditions and warranties
  • Transfer of ownership and title
  • Rights and duties of buyers and sellers
C. The Indian Partnership Act, 1932
  • General nature of partnership
  • Rights and duties of partners
  • Dissolution of partnership firms
D. The Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008
  • Nature and scope of LLP
  • Advantages of LLP over traditional partnerships
  • Rights and duties of partners
E. The Companies Act, 2013 (Basics only)
  • Definition and characteristics of a company
  • Types of companies
  • Incorporation and commencement of business
  • Basic documents: Memorandum and Articles of Association
2. Business Correspondence & Reporting (40 Marks)

This section focuses on developing communication skills required in the business world.

Syllabus for Business Correspondence & Reporting:

A. Communication (Basics)
  • Meaning and process of communication
  • Barriers to effective communication
  • Types of communication (Verbal, Non-verbal, Written, Visual)
B. Sentence Types & Word Power
  • Sentence construction and grammar
  • Vocabulary building
  • Synonyms and antonyms
C. Comprehension Passages & Note Making
  • Reading comprehension
  • Techniques of note-making
D. Business Writing Skills
  • Business letters (Inquiry, Complaint, Order, etc.)
  • Email writing
  • Resume and job application writing
  • Report writing
E. Meetings & Official Communication
  • Notice, Agenda, and Minutes of meetings
  • Writing Memos and Circulars
Exam Pattern:
  • Paper Type: Subjective for Business Laws; Objective (MCQs) for Business Correspondence & Reporting
  • Total Marks: 100
  • Passing Criteria: Minimum 40% in this subject and 50% aggregate across all CA Foundation papers

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