Business Economics & Commercial Knowledge – CA Foundation Course | Cyberoid Academy
Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge - CA Foundation
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CA Foundation Course – Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge
The CA Foundation course includes Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge as Paper 4. This paper is divided into two sections:
- Business Economics (60 Marks)
- Business and Commercial Knowledge (40 Marks)
📌 Business Economics (60 Marks)
📖 Introduction to Business Economics
- Meaning and scope of Business Economics
- Basic economic problems
- Types of economies: Capitalist, Socialist & Mixed Economy
- Role of business economics in decision-making
📖 Theory of Demand and Supply
- Meaning and determinants of demand
- Law of demand and exceptions
- Elasticity of demand (Price, Income, and Cross Elasticity)
- Concept of Supply and Law of Supply
- Market Equilibrium and Price Determination
📖 Theory of Production and Cost
- Production function: Short-run and Long-run
- Law of Variable Proportions
- Returns to Scale
- Cost concepts: Fixed cost, Variable cost, Total cost, Marginal cost, and Average cost
- Short-run and Long-run cost curves
📖 Price Determination in Different Markets
- Types of Market Structures: Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition, and Oligopoly
- Price and Output Determination under Different Market Structures
- Concept of Revenue: Total, Average, and Marginal Revenue
📖 Business Cycles
- Phases of Business Cycles: Expansion, Peak, Contraction, and Trough
- Causes and Impact of Business Cycles
- Measures to Control Business Cycles
📌 Business and Commercial Knowledge (40 Marks)
📖 Business and Commercial Knowledge – An Introduction
- Nature and Scope of Business
- Forms of Business Organizations
- Business Objectives
📖 Business Environment
- Components of Business Environment: Economic, Political, Legal, Technological, and Social
- Role of Government in Business
- Impact of Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization (LPG)
📖 Business Organizations
- Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Companies, and LLPs
- Public and Private Sector Enterprises
- Emerging Trends in Business: Startups, E-commerce, Digital Business
📖 Government Policies for Business Growth
- Fiscal and Monetary Policies
- Economic Planning in India
- Industrial Policies and Foreign Trade Policies
📖 Organizations Facilitating Business
- Overview of Chambers of Commerce and Industry Associations (CII, FICCI, ASSOCHAM)
- Role of SEBI, RBI, and Other Regulatory Bodies
📖 Common Business Terminologies
- Basic Business & Economic Terms: GDP, Inflation, Fiscal Deficit, etc.
- Banking & Financial Terms: Repo Rate, Reverse Repo Rate, CRR, SLR
- Stock Market Terminologies: IPO, NIFTY, SENSEX
🔹 Exam Pattern
- Part A (Business Economics): 60 Marks
- Part B (Business and Commercial Knowledge): 40 Marks
- Objective-Type Questions (MCQs)
- No Negative Marking
📚 This paper is designed to help students understand key economic and business concepts essential for commerce and finance professionals.
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