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Business Economics & Commercial Knowledge – CA Foundation Course | Cyberoid Academy

Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge - CA Foundation

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CA Foundation Course – Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge


The CA Foundation course includes Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge as Paper 4. This paper is divided into two sections:

  • Business Economics (60 Marks)
  • Business and Commercial Knowledge (40 Marks)

📌 Business Economics (60 Marks)


📖 Introduction to Business Economics

  • Meaning and scope of Business Economics
  • Basic economic problems
  • Types of economies: Capitalist, Socialist & Mixed Economy
  • Role of business economics in decision-making

📖 Theory of Demand and Supply

  • Meaning and determinants of demand
  • Law of demand and exceptions
  • Elasticity of demand (Price, Income, and Cross Elasticity)
  • Concept of Supply and Law of Supply
  • Market Equilibrium and Price Determination

📖 Theory of Production and Cost

  • Production function: Short-run and Long-run
  • Law of Variable Proportions
  • Returns to Scale
  • Cost concepts: Fixed cost, Variable cost, Total cost, Marginal cost, and Average cost
  • Short-run and Long-run cost curves

📖 Price Determination in Different Markets

  • Types of Market Structures: Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition, and Oligopoly
  • Price and Output Determination under Different Market Structures
  • Concept of Revenue: Total, Average, and Marginal Revenue

📖 Business Cycles

  • Phases of Business Cycles: Expansion, Peak, Contraction, and Trough
  • Causes and Impact of Business Cycles
  • Measures to Control Business Cycles

📌 Business and Commercial Knowledge (40 Marks)


📖 Business and Commercial Knowledge – An Introduction

  • Nature and Scope of Business
  • Forms of Business Organizations
  • Business Objectives

📖 Business Environment

  • Components of Business Environment: Economic, Political, Legal, Technological, and Social
  • Role of Government in Business
  • Impact of Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization (LPG)

📖 Business Organizations

  • Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Companies, and LLPs
  • Public and Private Sector Enterprises
  • Emerging Trends in Business: Startups, E-commerce, Digital Business

📖 Government Policies for Business Growth

  • Fiscal and Monetary Policies
  • Economic Planning in India
  • Industrial Policies and Foreign Trade Policies

📖 Organizations Facilitating Business

  • Overview of Chambers of Commerce and Industry Associations (CII, FICCI, ASSOCHAM)
  • Role of SEBI, RBI, and Other Regulatory Bodies

📖 Common Business Terminologies

  • Basic Business & Economic Terms: GDP, Inflation, Fiscal Deficit, etc.
  • Banking & Financial Terms: Repo Rate, Reverse Repo Rate, CRR, SLR
  • Stock Market Terminologies: IPO, NIFTY, SENSEX

🔹 Exam Pattern

  • Part A (Business Economics): 60 Marks
  • Part B (Business and Commercial Knowledge): 40 Marks
  • Objective-Type Questions (MCQs)
  • No Negative Marking

📚 This paper is designed to help students understand key economic and business concepts essential for commerce and finance professionals.

Attend a free trial class to understand the syllabus along with the skills and experience of our experts. We have 500+ experts ready to give individual (one to one) training at your convenience.

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